技術(shù)文章

DIN50018在含有二氧化硫的大氣環(huán)境下的冷凝水一交變氣候中的試驗

2025-03-01 17:43:02 來源：上海鼎振儀器設(shè)備有限公司

DIN50018 Testing in Alternating Condensation Atomosphere Containing Sulphur Dioxide含二氧化硫濃縮氣氛下的交互試驗
1、Purpose and range of application 適用范圍和目的.
This standard describes the general condition which must be observed for testing samples in condensation atmosphere containing sulphur dioxide, so that comparable results are obtained when the test is carried out in different laboratories.
本標準描述了必須符合測試樣品要求的含二氧化硫濃縮氣氛一般情形，以便在不同實驗室獲得的試驗結(jié)果可比較。
The test allows defects in corrosion protection systems to be detected quickly. Exposure to these test atmospheres does not allow any direct conclusions to be drawn regarding the life of the tested components under practical duty conditions. This, however, does not exclude the possibility, once ample experience has been gained regarding the long-term behaviours of specific systems in an industrial atmosphere, of being able to establish a relationship between the behaviour in practical service and the behaviour under test conditions, particularly in atmosphere DIN 50 018 – SFW0.25.
    該試驗可以很快發(fā)現(xiàn)在腐蝕保護系統(tǒng)里的缺陷，暴露在這類試驗氣氛下，不能得出任何關(guān)于試驗對象實際應(yīng)用壽命的直接結(jié)論；但也不排除這種可能，即在獲得關(guān)于在工業(yè)氣氛下的特定系統(tǒng)的長久性能的足夠經(jīng)驗后，能夠確定實際應(yīng)用性能和試驗性能之間的關(guān)系，尤其是在DIN 50 018 – SFW0.25的氣氛下。
   It is advisable to test only identical corrosion protection system simultaneously in one and same test facility, since the possibility of interaction between samples representing different system cannot be excluded.
   由于代表不同系統(tǒng)的樣品之間影響的可能性不可避免，同時在一個測試設(shè)備對僅有同樣的防腐處理系統(tǒng)進行試驗是可行的。
   When different corrosion protection systems are tested simultaneously and different materials are present, it should be borne in mind that different effects are often brought about by sulphur dioxide. Direct comparison of the results of tests on different combinations of corrosion protection systems and materials is therefore not readily permissible.
    當不同腐蝕保護系統(tǒng)同時被測試，我們應(yīng)知道，二氧化硫氣氛經(jīng)常會有不同的試驗結(jié)果，一般不能直接比較腐蝕保護系統(tǒng)下的不同化合物和材料的試驗結(jié)果。
   Sample form, sample preparation, test duration, evaluation of the test and assessment of the results are not the subject of this Standard. Details on these points will be found in the relevant Standards or special specifications, or are to be agreed case by case. In particular, the remarks in DIN 50 905 part 1 to part 3 are to be observed when carrying out this test.
樣品形狀，樣品準備，試驗持續(xù)時間，評估試驗和試驗結(jié)果，都不是本標準的主題，在別的標準或?qū)ｉT的技術(shù)規(guī)范里可以找到這些方面的詳細資料，或者一次次試驗后得到認可。特別的情況，按DIN 50 905 部分1 to 部分3的說明進行試驗。

2、Other relevant Standards（相關(guān)標準）
DIN 50 900 Part 1 Corrosion of metals; definitions, general definition.
                金屬腐蝕，定義，一般定義
DIN 50 900 Part 2 Corrosion of metals; definitions, electrochemical definition.
               金屬腐蝕，定義，電化學(xué)定義
DIN 50 900 Part 1 Corrosion of metals; chemical corrosion tests, general.
                金屬腐蝕，化學(xué)腐蝕試驗，概要
DIN 50 900 Part 2 Corrosion of metals; chemical corrosion tests, corrosion values with uniform surface corrosion.
                 金屬腐蝕，化學(xué)腐蝕試驗，均勻腐蝕表面的腐蝕數(shù)據(jù)
DIN 50 900 Part 3 Corrosion of metals; chemical corrosion tests, corrosion values with non-uniform corrosion absence of additional mechanical stress.
                金屬腐蝕，化學(xué)腐蝕試驗，沒有附加機械應(yīng)力的不均勻腐蝕表面的腐蝕數(shù)據(jù)

3、Definition (定義)
According to DIN 50 900 Patr1 and Part2.
按照DIN 50 900 1部分 and 2部分

4、Test condition
   at the star of the first test phase in each cycle the test chamber temperature is raised to ±31℃ over a period of about 1 1/2 hours. At the same time condensation forms on the samples. This wetting must persist throughout the further progress of the first test phase. It is during this stage that the test reaches maximum everity through the the simultaneous action of sulphur dioxide.
   每個循環(huán)的一試驗階段開始時，在1.5小時內(nèi)把測試室溫度調(diào)到±31℃，同時，對樣品進行濃縮，其濕度應(yīng)能保持整個試驗階段一。通過SO2的同時作用，在試驗階段達到*大     。
Note: the sulphur dioxide admitted at the start of the first test phase quickly dissolves to a great extent in the water in the bottom of the test chamber. At the start of the test, therefore, the effective sulphur dioxide concentration in the gas space is only about 1/7 of theoretical concentration. This initial concentration does not remain constant during the first phase, but instead drops sharply at first and thereafter more slowly.
注意：SO2應(yīng)在試驗開始階段確認已經(jīng)*大程度溶解到測試室底部的水里，因此，在試驗開始時，空間的濃縮SO2的作用只有理論濃度的1/7。這初始的濃度不會在一階段的試驗中一直保持不變，而是剛開始下降很快，后面變慢。
   The second test phase starts with the disconnection of the heat supply and the opening or ventilating of the test chamber, which must lead to the establishing after about 1 1/2 hours of the test conditions according to the Table.
   試驗第二階段，停止加熱打開測試室通風(fēng)，按下表實驗條件1.5小時后即可。

Type of test condition 試驗條件			Theoretical SO2 concentration start of a cycle 循環(huán)開始時理論的SO2濃度 % by vol.（體積百分比）
			0.067*	0.33*		0.67*
Condensation atmosphere（濃縮氣氛）			DIN50 018-SFW0.2S		DIN50 018-SFW1.0S		DIN50 018-SFW2.0S
Cycle	Test phase 1 h 試驗階段1		8 including heating 8小時（含加熱時間）
	Test phase 2 h 試驗階段2		16 including cooling 16小時（包含冷卻時間） (test chamber opened ventilate)實驗室要通風(fēng)
	Total h 總共		24
Conditions in test space 試驗室條件	Test phase 1	Temperature ℃	40±3
		Relative humidity%	Approx. 100(wetting of test specimens) 大約100（試驗樣品濕度）
	Test phase 2	Temperature ℃	18 to 28
		Relative humidity%	Max.75
Water quantity in the test space % by vol. 試驗室水含量體積百分比			0.67
For a test facility with a test chamber volume of 300l,the theoretical so2 concentration corresponds to an so2 admission per cycle of 0.2l, 1.0l, 2.0l. 測試室體積為300L的設(shè)備，對應(yīng)每個循環(huán)SO2理論的濃度是0.21L,1.0L,2.01L. For a test facility with a volume of 300l, this concentration corresponds to a quality of 2l 測試室體積為300L的設(shè)備，相應(yīng)SO2濃度是2L

*Usually known abroad under the old designation RRSt 1405.
*通常國外在舊RR標準 1405以下。

5、Test facility(試驗設(shè)備)
5.1 Test chamber（測試室）
Testing in a warm humid atmosphere containing sulphur dioxide requires a test chamber with a volume of at least 300L closed all round and sealed and having walls consisting of a corrosion-resistant material which, moreover, must not influence the corrosion. The test chamber must have a bottom trough capable of being heated and of holding the quantity of water prescribed in the Table. The heating of the test chamber takes place only via this water bath.
在溫熱潮濕含SO2氣氛下試驗，需要一個至少300L封閉的并有防腐蝕壁的容器，而且，不能影響腐蝕。測試室必須有能加熱和容納表中所要求的水用量的底槽，加熱就是通過測試室底槽水浴進行的。
A suitable temperature measuring and control device must be available in the test chamber. The temperature is measured in the immediate vicinity of the samples. The valves necessary for pressure equalization and the gas inlet must be located above the water surface. The roof of the test chamber must be so constituted as to prevent condensate from dripping down on to the samples. The shape and size of the test chamber are optional, provided that the requirements of Section 5 and 7 are fulfilled. The illustration shows a test facility with a chamber volume of 300L.
測試室要有溫度測量和控制裝置，溫度要靠近樣品測量，壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥和進氣閥必須裝在水面以上，測試室頂必須這樣設(shè)計，是為了防止冷凝物滴到樣品上。測試室的形狀和尺寸是可選的，只要符合第5、7節(jié)的要求。圖中所示即為300L的測試室。
The test chamber is to be set up in a room without corrosive atmosphere, at room temperature and a relative humidity not exceeding 75%, and so installed that it is protected from draughts and sola irradiation.
測試室裝在沒有腐蝕氣氛的房間里，在室溫下，相對濕度不超過75％，這樣安裝是為了防止氣流和陰極放射。
5.2 Sample holder（樣品固定器）
the sample holder must consist of a corrosion-resistant material which also must not influence the corrosion of the sample. it must be so constituted that the samples can be arranged to suit the requirements of Section 6.2.
樣品固定器要有防腐蝕材料，同樣，該材料不能影響樣品腐蝕，樣品應(yīng)符合6.2節(jié)的要求。

6 Procedures（程序）
6.1 Samples （樣品）
Only samples which do not affect each other should be tested jointly.
不會相互影響的樣品方可一起試驗。
6.2 Arrangement of samples（樣品準備）
The samples are to be so arranged in the test chamber that the following spacing is maintained: 在測試室的樣品按以下位置要求準備。
Distance from walls                               at least 100mm
距離測試室壁                                   至少100 mm
Distance of underside of samples from surface of water   at least 200mm
樣品下表面離水面距離                            至少200mm
Distance between samples                           at least 20mm
樣品間距                                        至少20mm
In the absence of any agreements to the contrary, the total surface area of the suspended samples should amount to 0.5m² ±0.1 m² per 300L of test chamber volume. Special agreements are to be made in respect of samples the surface area of which cannot be determined.
必須滿足試驗要求，每個300L的測試室里，懸掛樣品的總表面積為0.5m² ±0.1 m²，無法測量的樣品表面積可以特許。
It is importance to ensure that during exposure no condensate can drip on to the samples. Since the same amount of sulphur dioxide is affective in each cycle, the result depends on the size and nature of the total sample surface area loaded. For comparative tests it is therefore indispensable to work each time with the same total sample surface area and samples of like a kind.
樣品放進測試室后，務(wù)必確定沒有冷凝物滴到樣品上，由于每個循環(huán)同樣量的SO2作用，結(jié)果就取決于放進去的樣品表面的尺寸和性質(zhì)。為了試驗的可比較，要使每次的試驗樣品總面積相同樣品類型相同。
It is also important that the material used to mask surface which are not to be exposed should be of a kind which does not reach with sulphur dioxide and also does not influence the test result in any other way.
還有一點很重要，就是用來保護其它表面的材料應(yīng)同類型，不與SO2反應(yīng)，也不能在任何方面影響試驗結(jié)果。
6.3 Filling the bottom trough（底部水槽加水）
The bottom trough should be filled with the quality of distilled or deionized water stated in the Table. Prior to each cycle the water must be renewed and the test chamber cleaned if necessary.
底部水槽按表中要求加蒸餾水或去離子水，每次循環(huán)前要更新水，必要時清洗測試室。
6.4 Gas supply（供氣）
Before the sulphur dioxide is admitted the test chamber must be closed.
SO₂氣體導(dǎo)入前應(yīng)關(guān)閉測試室。
6.4.1 Supplying sulphur dioxide from steel cylinders. For the exact measurement of the amount sulphur dioxide admitted, commercial-type gas meters or containers with fluid displacement(paraffin oil) may be used.
從鋼瓶加SO2氣體，為了加入正好需要的氣體量，應(yīng)該用氣體壓力表或有流體置換器（石蠟油）的容器。
6.4.2 Generation of sulphur dioxide inside the test facility.
      在試驗設(shè)備里SO2產(chǎn)生
It is also permissible to generate sulpur dioxide inside the test facility by suitable means(e.g. NaHSO3+dilute sulphuric acid)
也可以在試驗設(shè)備里通過合適的方法制備SO2氣體（例如：NaHSO3＋稀硫酸）
6.5 Heating（加熱）
the heating should be switched on immediately after the admission of sulphur dioxide and the test chamber raised to temperature of 40℃ over a period of about 1 1/2 hours. This temperature must be held to within ±3℃ at the measuring point.
SO2氣體加入后立即開始加熱，使測試室在1.5小時內(nèi)升溫到40℃，在測試點上該溫度應(yīng)保持在±3℃內(nèi)。
6.6 Test duration（測試持續(xù)時間）
If the specific test Standards do not lay down any test duration,1,2,5,10 or 20 cycles should be run for preference. The test may be broken off any unacceptable impairment of the appearance or function of the samples occurs or if a given degree of corrosion is reached.
如果專門的測試標準沒有制定任何試驗持續(xù)時間，可以持續(xù)1，2，5，10或20個循環(huán)，試驗在以下情況結(jié)束：樣品外觀或功能出現(xiàn)了不希望的損傷，或達到了試驗設(shè)定的腐蝕程度。
6.7 Test sequence（試驗順序）
Each cycle comprises two-test phase corresponding to the Table, i.e. totaling 24 hours. At the end of the first test phase(8 hours)the heating is switched off and the test chamber opened or ventilated.
每個循環(huán)包含兩個對應(yīng)于表的測試階段，即總計24小時。一階段（8小時）結(jié)束后，停止加熱，打開測試室通風(fēng)。
At the end of the second test phase (18 hours) the bottom trough is emptied, cleaned if necessary, and filled with fresh distilled or deionized water. The test chamber is then closed and solphur dioxide admitted. With the switching on of the heating a new cycle starts.
第二階段（18小時）結(jié)束后，底部水槽應(yīng)清干，必要時清洗，重新加蒸餾水或去離子水。關(guān)閉測試室導(dǎo)入SO2,打開加熱開關(guān)開始新的循環(huán)。
6.8 Interrupting the test（試驗中斷）
Test interruptions are to be made up by prolonging the second test phase and are to be indicated in the report. When specimens are to be exposed to only 1 or 2 cycles, the test facility should have been in operation beforehand for at least 1 cycle.
延長第二階段試驗時，試驗應(yīng)中斷并在報告中簡要說明。當樣品只是暴露1或2個循環(huán)，測試設(shè)備至少應(yīng)在1個循環(huán)前開始運行。

7. Functional check of the test facility
測試設(shè)備功能檢驗
For monitoring the reproducibility the test results given by a test facility, or those of identical test facilities at different locations, it is necessary to carry out a functional check at appropriate intervals. Test facilities with a test chamber volume of 300L are covered by the provision in Sections 7.1 to 7.8.
為監(jiān)測測試設(shè)備的在再現(xiàn)性，或這些同樣的設(shè)備在不同地點，就有必要在適當間隔后檢驗測試設(shè)備功能。有300L測試室的測試設(shè)備在7.1到7.8節(jié)有說明。
7.1Test material 測試材料
7.1.1 Five samples each measuring 50mm wide, 100mm long and 0.6 to 1.5mm thick, of the steel grades St 37(bright as rolled) to DIN 17 100 or St 1405° (bright as rolled) to DIN 1623 part 1 ground with a ceramic wheel of hardness J and 46 grit.
5個50 mm寬，100 mm長，0.6～1.5mm厚的樣品同時測試，鋼材等級標準37（亮度如金箔），在DIN 17 100 or 標準 1405， DIN 1623 部分 1，硬度等級J和46篩網(wǎng)陶瓷地面。
7.1.2 Two blank samples each measuring 250mm wide,400mm long and 1mm thick, of the steel grades St 37(bright as rolled) to DIN 17 100 or St 1405°）（bright as rolled）to DIN1623 Part1.
兩個空白樣品，250mm 寬，400mm 長，1mm 厚，
7.2 Sample preparation（樣品準備）
Before the functional check is started, the test material according to Section 7.1 should be degreased by using white spirit or another suitable solvent applied with a soft lint-free cloth or a brush, and the sample according to Section 7.1.1 then weighed to the nearest 1 mg. If the weighing cannot be performed immediately after degreasing, the sample should be kept in a desiccator until weighed.
開始功能檢驗前，符合7.1節(jié)規(guī)定測試材料應(yīng)用石油溶劑進行脫脂處理，或其它合適的溶劑，用不含麻的軟布或刷子處理，符合7.1.1節(jié)規(guī)定的樣品稱重精確到1 mg。如果脫脂后不能立即進行稱重，在稱重前樣品應(yīng)保存在干燥器里。
7.3 Performance of the functional check
   進行功能檢驗
The five samples according to Section 7.1.1 are arranged vertically in the chamber. The blank samples according to Section 7.1.2 are also arranged vertically on either side of five samples according to Section 7.1.1. The exposure of the samples extends over five cycles corresponding to the test conditions SFW 0.25 according to Section 6.
7.1.1所說的5個樣品在測試室垂直放置，7.1.2規(guī)定的空白樣品也垂直放置在7.1.1所說的5個樣品的另一邊，樣品將在6規(guī)定的測試條件下暴露5個循環(huán)以上。
7.4 Removing the corrosion products（清除腐蝕產(chǎn)物）
On completion of the functional check the corrosion products are removed from the samples by using an approximately 10% solution of hydrochloric acid(230ml of chemically pure HCLρ=1.18g/ml and 730ml of distilled or deionized water), to which 0.1% properly alcohol has been added, at room temperature. After the corrosion products have been removed, the samples are thoroughly rinsed in distilled or deionized water, dried and then kept in the desiccator at room temperature from 18 to 28℃ until weighed.
完成功能檢驗后，用大約10％的鹽酸溶解（230ml 化學(xué)純的 HCL ρ=1.18g/ml 加730ml 的蒸餾水或去離子水），從侵蝕樣品清除侵蝕產(chǎn)物，加0.1%酒精，在室溫下。侵蝕產(chǎn)物清除后，樣品放在蒸餾水或去離子水里徹底清洗、干燥，稱重前保存在干燥器里，室溫18到28℃下。
7.5 Weighing the samples（稱重）
The samples are weighed to the nearest 1mg.
樣品稱重精確到1 mg。
7.6 Evaluation of results（評估結(jié)果）
The

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